Aquatic ecosystems company4/6/2024 This stream in the Redwood National and State Parks together with its environment can be thought of as forming a river ecosystem. In the deep water, hydrothermal vents may occur where chemosynthetic sulfur bacteria form the base of the food web. Other near-shore (neritic) zones can include mudflats, seagrass meadows, mangroves, rocky intertidal systems, salt marshes, coral reefs, lagoons. The intertidal zone is the area between high and low tides. The benthic zone consists of substrates below water where many invertebrates live. The oceanic zone is the vast open part of the ocean where animals such as whales, sharks, and tuna live. Marine ecosystems can be divided into many zones depending upon water depth and shoreline features. Actual salinity varies among different marine ecosystems. Seawater has an average salinity of 35 parts per thousand of water. Marine waters cover more than 70% of the surface of the Earth and account for more than 97% of Earth's water supply and 90% of habitable space on Earth. These systems contrast with freshwater ecosystems, which have a lower salt content. Coral reefs form complex marine ecosystems with tremendous biodiversity Marine ecosystems are the largest of Earth's aquatic ecosystems and exist in waters that have a high salt content.
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